May 25,2000

HISTORY 3348: THE CRUSADES

Second Summer Term, July 11-August 10, 2000
MTWTF 8:00-9:50 Holden Hall 126

TEACHER

John Howe
Office Hours: MTWTF 1:00-2:00
Office: 149 Holden Hall and by appointment
Telephone: 742-3589; E-Mail: john.howe@ttu.edu; Web: http://www2.tltc.ttu.edu/howe/

PURPOSES OF THE COURSE

To acquire a general knowledge of the crusading movement in Western Europe, including its ideology, organization, military strategies, and leadership. To situate the crusades in the larger economic, cultural, and religious context of the Mediterranean world, a crosscultural world where three civilizations interacted. To use the crusades as a case study for analysis of the problems posed by "holy war," imperialism, colonization, and the formation of European consciousness. To introduce the process by which historians reconstruct historical events from conflicting primary sources.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS

Required Texts
Francesco Gabrieli. Arab Historians of the Crusades.
Joinville & Villehardouin. Chronicles of the Crusades.
Thomas Madden. A Concise History of the Crusades.
Steven Runciman, The First Crusade. Abridged edition.
Copies. Students also must purchase a collection of photocopied documents and excerpts from writings of crusade historians, available at Copytech, 162 West Hall, telephone 742-2321.
Some source texts also need to be downloaded from the Worldwide Web.

Required Reading
Specific reading assignments for each class are listed in the READING AND LECTURE SCHEDULE, just ahead of the class date by which they should be completed. Each assignment is the subject of the following lecture or discussion. Read so that you arrive in class prepared to explain, praise, criticize, and question. The assignments are manageable if read on schedule, but quickly become overwhelming if neglected.

Class Attendance
Successful completion of this course requires regular attendance. In the classroom difficult reading assignments are interpreted and contextualized; additional subject matter is introduced; and audio-visual materials are used. Part of the course grade is based on class participation, and you cannot participate if you are not present. Summer school classes proceed so rapidly that absences are especially damaging. If you cannot attend 80% or more of the scheduled classes, you should not be enrolled.

Source Problems
Course assignments include two crusade source problems, cases where the primary written evidence is contradictory. Students will attempt to reconstruct what happened, presenting their findings in papers no longer than five typed, double-spaced pages. Since the evidence provided for these case studies will not yield any single, uncontrovertable "right answer," the papers will present arguments for the "most probable" scenario. Grades will be based on logic, analysis, persuasiveness, and comprehensive use of the sources. Be careful not to violate the History Department and University guidelines on plagiarism ("offering the work of another as ones own, without proper acknowledgement"). Late papers will be assessed a one grade penalty; no papers will be accepted later than two class periods after the due date (that is, after the corrected on-time papers have been returned).

Movies
On three evenings during the term, students will have the opportunity to attend films relating to the crusades: The Warlord on Monday July 17; The Crusades on Tuesday August 1: and Alexander Nefsky on Monday August 7. All films will be shown by VCR, beginning at 7:00, and will be followed by critique and discussion. Participation in any two of these events will result in extra credit.

Examinations
Midterm tests are scheduled for Thursday July 20 and Tuesday August 1. Each will include multiple-choice questions, identifications, a single essay (to be selected from two or more choices), and perhaps map work. If, for good reason, a test is missed, a make-up test may be taken at 2:00 pm on Monday, Aug 7. Students receiving a grade below "C" on a midterm should meet with the teacher to discuss it (this will be part of the class participation grade). The final examination, to be held on Thursday August 10 at 11:00-1:30, will feature multiple-choice and identification questions on the material covered since the second midterm, and several essay questions covering the material of the entire course (essays to be chosen out of six or more possible choices). Bring blue books.

Necessary Accommodations
Any student who, because of a disabling condition, may require some special arrangements in order to meet course requirements should contact the instructor as soon as possible so that the necessary accommodations can be made.

GRADING

The course grade will be computed as follows: 30% from the midterm tests (that is, 15% from each); 30% from the papers (that is, 15% from each); 10% from class participation; and 30% from the final. Students who participate in two of the movie events will have an additional 5% of credit entered as an A (making a total of 105% of graded items, but the grade will be computed on a 100% basis). The class participation grade is determined on the basis of attendance, class preparation, and class contributions by dividing students up at the end of the semester into three groups: 1) outstanding; 2) generally average; and 3) significantly below acceptable standards. In computing the course grade, the first group gets the class participation component credited as an `A'; the second group has these points dropped out (so they neither help nor hurt); and the third group has them credited as an `F'.

READING AND LECTURE SCHEDULE

Tu July 11 Introduction / Geography

Copies 5-35 (Maps, Wilkerson, Piacenza Pilgrim, Adalbert, Hollister); Runciman 13-22; Radulfus Glaber on the Year 1000

W July 12 Early Medieval Pilgrimage / The Latin West at 1000 BCE

[W July 12 Last Day for Drop / Add ]

Runciman 1-13 23-34; Copies 36-53 (Liutprand, Jenkins, TIME, Maps,); Start Source Problem #1 by reading and annotating Copies 54-79.

Th July 13 The Greek East at 1000 AD / Islam at 1000 AD

Madden xii, 1-7; Runciman 41-43; Letters from Leo IV, John VIII, and Gregory VII; continue with Source Problem #1.

F July 14 Holy War / Church Reform

[F July 14 Last day to drop a course and receive a full refund.]

Runciman 41-61; Madden 7-21; Copies 80-88 (Solomon bar Simson); finish Source Problem #1.

M July 17 The Call and the Response / The Peoples' Crusade

[M July 17 Movie: The Warlord]

Runciman 62-144; Madden 21-33; Copies 89-93 (Anna Comnena, Cambridge Illustrated Atlas); Gabrieli xxvii-xxviii, 3-9

Tu July 18 The Crusaders at Constantinople / The March to Antioch

Runciman 145-92; Madden 33-46; Gabrieli 10-12; Copies 94-96 (Maps); Fulcher of Chartes' Chronicle

W July 19 The Capture of Jerusalem / The Kingdom of Jerusalem

Study

Th July 20 Midterm Test No. 1 / Images of the Crusader Kingdom

Madden 39-51; Copies 97-115 (Riley-Smith, Hamilton, Hamilton)

F July 21 Organizing the Crusader States / Crusader Church

Madden 46-51; Copies 116-22 (Partner); Bernard's Rule for the Knghts Templar

M July 24 Crusader Architecture and Art / The Military Orders

Copies 123-72 (Hamilton, Holmes); Gabrieli xxviii-ix, 73-84

Tu July 25 Crusader Women / Daily Life in the Crusader States

Madden 51-53; Gabrieli xxvi and 36-63.

W July 26 Islam Strikes Back

[W July 26 Last day to declare pass-fail intentions.

Last day to drop a course and receive an automatic W.]

Madden 54-63; Eugenius III's Summons to a Crusade

Th July 27 The "Second Crusade" and Why It Failed

Madden 64-81; Copies 173 (William of Tyre); Gabrieli 64-72, 87-146, 160-73

F July 28 The Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem

Madden 81-87; Copies 174-85 (Ambrose, Map); Gabrieli 200-07, 222-37

M July 31 The Third Crusade

Study

Tu Aug 1 Midterm Test No. 2 / The Fourth Crusade Problem / Innocent III

[Tu Aug 1 Movie: The Crusades]

Madden 123-41; Copies 186-98 (Strayer, Nickel, Maps, Russell, Roger of Wendover); begin Source Problem #2 by reading and annotating Villehardouin 1-57 and Copies 199-242

W Aug 2 Spanish and Baltic Crusades / Albigensian Crusades / The Fourth Crusade

Madden 109-22, 143-65; Villehardouin 57-107; continue Source Problem #2; Innocent III

Th Aug 3 The Latin Empire of Constantinople / The Fifth Crusade

Madden 166-86; Joinville 161-264; continue Source Problem #2

F Aug 4 Crusader Feudalism / Louis IX and the Sixth Crusade

Madden 187-90; Joinville 265-88, 345-53; Copies 243-45 (Map, John of Plano Carpini); Mongols; Gabrieli 326-33, 341-50; finish Source Problem #2

M Aug 7 The Mongols / The Fall of the Mainland Crusader States

[ M Aug 7 at 2:00 pm Make-Up Exams]

[M Aug 7 Movie: Alexander Nefsky

Madden 190-212; Copies 245-75 (Michener, Bishop, Atiya)

Tu Aug 8 Aftermath / The Later Crusades

Madden 213-15; Copies 276-82 (Runciman)

W Aug 9 Summing Up

Study for Final

Th Aug 10 11:00-1:30 FINAL EXAMINATION